On the one hand, we must keep the bottom line of natural ecological security borders and environmental quality, and implement the responsibility of natural ecological security; on the other hand, we must promote the high -quality development of green and low -carbon.The “Opinions on Strengthening the Control of Ecological Environment Partitions” (hereinafter referred to as “Opinions”) issued a few days ago will play an important role.
The “Opinions” issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the State Council clearly states that strictly observing the red line, environmental quality bottom line, and resource utilization of the ecological protection, and scientifically guided various types of development protection and construction activities to promote high -quality development.
Experts told the first financial reporter that the “Opinions” is not only an important document in the ecological environment, but it is even more significant for promoting high -quality economic development and reasonable layout industries.Improving the management and control system covered by the global coverage is to give the economic and social development a “bright bottom line” and “frame”.
Partition control and control is fully landing
In recent years, a large number of industrial transfer of the coastal areas in the Xiangxi Tujia Miao Autonomous Prefecture in the south of the Hunan and West Hunan Family.year 2004.
In 2020, the “three -line and one order” (ecological protection red line, environmental quality bottom line, resource utilization and ecological environment access list) ecological environment partition control system landing, Xiangxi Ecological and Environment Bureau collaborated in the Xiangxi High -tech Zone to collect regional ecological environment and resource utilizationBasic data such as socioeconomic and economic, the “three lines and one order” of the provincial-state-high-tech zone were established and released in the level.
The “three -line one order” requires the industry’s requirements for investment promotion policies, which clearly encourages the introduction of green enterprises with clean energy, low energy consumption, advanced technology and technology, and less pollutant emissions, and give more preferential support for such enterprises;Strictly control high pollution, high energy, and high emission enterprises.Since 2020, Xiangxi High -tech Zone has undertaken 15 industrial transfer projects, of which 4 companies have won the title of high -tech enterprise.
There are 24 zinc -zinc companies in Jimo District, Qingdao. In the past few years, it was distributed in streets and automotive industrial parks such as Huanxiu, Tongji, Bei’an, Chaohai, Longquan, etc., and the industrial layout was relatively scattered.After years of development, some enterprises have added sensitive goals such as residential areas.Environmental protection inspections at all levels have received complaints from residents’ issues such as the heating -dip galvanized plant, which will accelerate the optimization layout, production process equipment and environmental protection facilities of the hot -dip galvanized industry, which is the key to solving this problem.
During the preparation of the ecological environment admission list, Qingdao City combed the leading industries of various environmental control units one by one. For eight hot -plated zinc (immersed) zinc (immersed) zinc (immersed) zinc (immersed) in the priority protection unit and the surrounding environment, it is required to gradually relocate to the industrial parkOr industrial gathering areas to implement production technology, equipment and pollution prevention facilities after upgrading and renovation; new project selection layout should be located in the industrial park and meet the environmental protection distance requirements;Local upgrades; eight hot -plated (immersed) zinc enterprises with less control and control conditions for corporate pollutants have gradually exited.
The picture shows Qingdao urban landscape.Photography/Zhang Ye
First Financial reporter learned from the Qingdao Ecological and Environment Bureau that the experience of Jimo District has also been promoted to traditional industries such as plastic and rubber products, appliances, and equipment manufacturing in Qingdao. At present, it is fully guiding the high -quality agglomeration and development of various industries.
Due to historical development, in the past few years, the industrial parks and industrial agglomeration areas in Tianjin have problems such as overlapping functional and scattered layout.A data at the end of 2017 shows that in Tianjin, there are 314 industrial parks (gathering areas). In order to implement the Beijing -Tianjin -Hebei coordinated development strategy and accelerate the construction of the national advanced manufacturing research and development base, Tianjin urgently needs to adjust the industrial layout planning.
In 2019, Tianjin fully launched the establishment of the “Tianjin Industrial Layout Plan (2020-2035)”, which is connected with the “three lines and one order” from the aspects of industrial space layout, regional leading industry, industrial development control line, theme industrial park, etc., highlightingPollutant emissions control and environmental risk prevention and control requirements, promote the protection of high levels of ecological environment and optimization and adjustment of industrial layout.In the first two years of “Fourteen Five -Year Plan”, the average concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei entered “30+”, and decreased by more than 60%.As of the end of 2023, Tianjin had 290 performance A, B -level B and leading enterprises, and 21 companies were awarded the title of “Leader” enterprise in the green development of the year.
According to the relevant person in charge of the Environmental Evaluation and Evidence Management Department of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, three batches of 36 “three -line one -order” landing application case have been organized to cover major planning preparation, industrial layout optimization and transformation and upgrading, regional ecological space protection, Ecological environment management and environmental assessment fields, “three -line and one order” data application system and other practical exploration.At present, the control of the ecological environment partition has entered a new stage of fully landing.
Differential refinement management
Implementing the environmental management system of differentiated and accurate management and control has a basic role in the ecological environmental prevention system.
Wang Jinnan, deputy director of the 14th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference of Population Resources and Environment and academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, introduced,At present, my country has initially formed a set of global coverage, cross -departmental collaboration, and multi -factor integration ecological environment partition control system. A total of more than 40,000 ecological environment management and control units are divided. List of ecological environment admission.He said that practice has proved that the management and control system of ecological environment partitions is scientific and reasonable. It can be landed and implemented, providing new policy tools for ecological environment management.
my country’s ecosystems are complex and diverse, and the ecological environmental space is obvious. The local micro -management of a single area, line, and point is no longer able to meet the needs of systemic governance.Wang Jinnan said that in the past, the macro development and protection pattern of macro development and protection were determined through the main functional zone strategy, but more refined ecological environmental protection and governance still needed to better support green low -carbon transformation and development.
The “Opinions” proposes to include ecological protection red lines and legal protected areas outside the red line, such as drinking water source protection areas, important wetlands, ecological charity forests, and aquatic seed resources resource protection areas for key protection units for key protection.
For example, Hubei Province provides an important basis for the 1076 environmental control units determined by the “three lines and one order” and the three -level ecological environment access list of provinces, municipalities, and units as an important basis for the industrial layout, major project selection, and planning environmental assessment in the region.Layout, project site selection, etc.; Changsha City is based on the “three -line and one order” results guidance planning and optimization and adjustment. It has resolutely clear the backward production capacity that does not meet the requirements of national industrial policies and local regulations.Industrial enterprises in the ecological green area withdraw from and shut down the “five small” enterprises.
The picture shows the Xiangjiang River flowing through Changsha.Photography/Zhang Ye
Wan Jun, deputy dean of the Environmental Planning Institute of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said that the planning of land and space needs to be clear from the spatial layout to clarify the pattern of agriculture, ecology, urban development protection, and permanent basic farmland, ecological protection red line and urban development border.The management and control of ecological environment partitions requires a unit of ecological environment management and control, implementing the requirements of the red line of the red line of ecological environment, and formulating a list of ecological environment admission is an important part of the source of ecological environmental protection.
“The coordination of the two is conducive to promoting a spatial pattern, industrial structure, production method, and lifestyle that save resources and protect the environment.”According to Wan Jun, according to the current national ecological environment partition management and control plan, the scale of each control unit is about 10 square kilometers to 500 square kilometers, which can better support the needs of the differentiated and refined management of the ecological environment.The scale of the land and space planning partition is detailed through the planning system, and finally falls to the plot and the ancestral land.
Improve the source prevention system
The above -mentioned “Opinions” states that the principles of national guidance, provincial -level overall planning, and municipal landing are adhered to, and the management and control schemes of the ecological environment partitions in the administrative area are classified.Based on the characteristics of ecological environment structure, function, quality and other regional characteristics, through environmental evaluation, the “three districts, three lines” are implemented on the basis of environmental evaluation, on the basis of the management partition of various ecological environmental elements such as atmosphere, water, soil, ecology, sound, and ocean.Based on the red line of ecological protection, the area of this protection is drawn out to determine the priority protection unit of the ecological environment.
According to the “Opinions”, it is necessary to improve the pressure on the quality of ecological environment, high resource energy consumption strength, concentrated pollutant emissions, serious ecological destruction, and high environmental risks.Environmental key management and control unit; ecological environment priority protection unit and other areas other areas other than regions other than the control unit of the ecological environment implement general control.
“The control of the ecological environment partitioning makes up for the lack of the planning environmental impact assessment, project environmental assessment entry, and fragmentation. It can solve the problems of various planning and project environmental assessment in overlapping areas (watershed, sea areas).Systemicity of the source prevention system. “Said Wang Yaman, deputy director of the Environmental Engineering Evaluation Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.
According to the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment, in 2019, Jiangsu’s technology company intends to build a new semiconductor seal seal testing project. The electroplating and cleaning of the production process of the project involves heavy metals. The daily waste water discharge is about 20,000 tons.The project does not meet the “three -line and one order” city management and control requirements, and the approval department has dismissed the project; a certain navigation industry group intends to build a water airport in Gaochun District, Nanjing, because the project is not in space layout constraints and environmental risk prevention and control.In accordance with the requirements of the Gecheng Lake ecological priority control unit, the relevant departments clearly opposed the project in the initial judgment.
The picture shows the urban landscape of Nanjing.Photography/Zhang Ye
The “Opinions” proposes the basic role of the ecological environment partition control in the source prevention system, and realizes the refined management of global coverage, cross -sector collaboration, and multi -element comprehensive management, and carry out the evaluation of ecological environmental partition control and environmental impact assessment, pollution permits, environmental monitoring of environmental monitoring, environmental monitoring, Law Enforcement Supervision and other coordinated reform pilots, explore the construction of a full -chain ecological environment management system.
